Types of Trauma

• Childhood abuse: sexual, physical, neglect, psychological, witnessing domestic violence
• Sexual assault: any unwanted sexual contact
• Historical trauma: colonization and the residential school experience of forcible removal from the family home, destruction of culture and language
• Domestic abuse: physical, sexual, financial, spiritual, cultural, psychological
• Loss due to homicide
• Torture and forcible confinement
• Elder abuse: physical, sexual, financial, spiritual, cultural, psychological
• Suicide

• War: combat, killing, fear of being killed, witnessing death and extreme suffering, dismemberment
• Being a victim of crime
• Sudden death of a loved one
• Suicidal loss
• Loss of a loved one to homicide
• Sudden and unexpected loss: of a job, housing, relationship
• Living in extreme poverty
• Natural disasters
• Accidents: vehicle, plane, etc.

• Child Abuse and Neglect
• Witnessing violence in the home

• Disconnecting certain cultures from their families, relationships and cultural practices
• Residential school
• Holocaust
• Ethnic Cleansing
• 60′s scoop

For more information, please see the section on First Nations.